Published: 03/02/2026
What is coronary angiography?
Coronary angiography (imaging/examination of the heart vessels) is a non-surgical invasive procedure performed under X-ray guidance in a catheterization laboratory under local anesthesia. A special catheter (hollow soft tube) is inserted through the femoral artery (puncture in the groin area) or through the artery in the forearm up to the heart. If an interventional procedure/intervention is necessary, a balloon catheter, stent, or bioresorbable vascular support is inserted through the guide catheter. The interventional cardiologist repeatedly checks the position of the balloon/stent/support using a contrast agent until it is placed in the narrowed area of the vessel.
Risk factors for coronary (heart) disease:
- hypertension
- hyperlipidemia
- diabetes
- family history
- overweight
- smoking
- lack of exercise
- stress
How does vascular disease develop?
Coronary artery disease is caused by abnormal accumulation of cholesterol, calcium, and other substances on the inner wall of the artery. The accumulation of these substances significantly narrows the artery and restricts blood flow. This accumulation of substances in the artery wall is called atherosclerotic plaque.
What are the risks after stent/stent graft implantation?
Your doctor will prescribe blood-thinning medication, which you will need to take for a period of time determined by your doctor. For several days after the procedure, you will need to follow your doctor’s instructions due to the blood-thinning medication and possible complications.
What about discharge?
Discharge from hospitalization under normal conditions takes place 1 to 2 days after the intervention. Before discharge, your attending physician will provide you with the necessary information about physical activity, diet, and prescribed medication.
After discharge, your doctor will prescribe blood-thinning medication, which must be taken according to the instructions.
The vast majority of patients have no further complications after the procedure. However, it is very important that the patient attends follow-up appointments with a cardiologist, who will assess the lasting effect of the intervention.
Prevent heart disease
- Don’t smoke. Avoid passive smoking too.
- Eat a healthy diet that’s good for your heart. Limit your intake of sodium, sugar, saturated fats, and trans fats. Choose fruits, vegetables, lean meats, fish, whole grains, and low-fat dairy products.
- Keep your weight under control. If you are struggling with excess weight, consult your doctor.
- Limit your alcohol intake. Limit your alcohol intake to a minimum or avoid it altogether.
- Get moving.
